Exodus 4:29

Posted on February 23, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 4:29 Veneruntque simul, et congregaverunt cunctos seniores filiorum Israel.

And they came together, and they gathered all the elders of the sons of Israel.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Veneruntque and they came 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
2 simul together ADV
3 et and CONJ
4 congregaverunt they gathered 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
5 cunctos all ACC.PL.M
6 seniores elders ACC.PL.M
7 filiorum of the sons GEN.PL.M
8 Israel Israel GEN.SG.M

Syntax

Coordinated main verbs: Veneruntque … et congregaverunt — two perfect verbs describing sequential arrival and gathering.
Adverb: simul modifies Veneruntque, emphasizing unity of movement.
Direct object: cunctos seniores — the group mustered by Moses and Aaron.
Genitive phrase: filiorum Israel — specifies which elders (those belonging to the people of Israel).
Structure: paratactic coordination continues the narrative of Moses and Aaron assembling leadership before addressing Israel.

Morphology

  1. Veneruntque — Lemma: venio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect active indicative with enclitic -que; Function: first main verb; Translation: and they came; Notes: perfect highlights completed arrival.
  2. simul — Lemma: simul; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies Veneruntque; Translation: together; Notes: stresses coordinated action.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins main verbs; Translation: and; Notes: standard narrative connector.
  4. congregaverunt — Lemma: congrego; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect active indicative; Function: second main narrative verb; Translation: they gathered; Notes: perfect denotes completed action of assembling.
  5. cunctos — Lemma: cunctus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies seniores; Translation: all; Notes: emphasizes the totality of the elders.
  6. seniores — Lemma: senior; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object of congregaverunt; Translation: elders; Notes: tribal leaders of Israel.
  7. filiorum — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies seniores; Translation: of the sons; Notes: genitive of relation.
  8. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: completes genitive phrase; Translation: Israel; Notes: denotes the covenant people.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Exodus. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.