Exodus 7:4

Posted on February 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 7:4 et non audiet vos: immittamque manum meam super Ægyptum, et educam exercitum et populum meum filios Israel de Terra Ægypti per iudicia maxima.

and he will not listen to you; and I will stretch out my hand upon Egypt, and I will bring out my army and my people, the sons of Israel, from the land of Egypt by great judgments.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 non not ADV
3 audiet he will listen 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
4 vos you ACC.PL.PRON
5 immittamque and I will send forth 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND + ENCLITIC
6 manum hand ACC.SG.F
7 meam my ACC.SG.F.POSS
8 super upon PREP+ACC
9 Ægyptum Egypt ACC.SG.F
10 et and CONJ
11 educam I will bring out 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
12 exercitum army ACC.SG.M
13 et and CONJ
14 populum people ACC.SG.M
15 meum my ACC.SG.M.POSS
16 filios sons ACC.PL.M
17 Israel Israel GEN.SG.M (NAME)
18 de from PREP+ABL
19 Terra the land ABL.SG.F
20 Ægypti of Egypt GEN.SG.F
21 per by PREP+ACC
22 iudicia judgments ACC.PL.N
23 maxima great ACC.PL.N.ADJ

Syntax

Clause 1:
et non audiet vos —
audiet (future verb) + vos (object) with non negating action.

Clause 2:
immittamque manum meam super Ægyptum —
immittamque (future verb) + manum meam (object) + super Ægyptum (prepositional phrase indicating target).

Clause 3:
et educam exercitum et populum meum filios Israel —
Two coordinated objects (exercitum, populum meum) further defined by apposition filios Israel.

Locative/Source expression:
de Terra Ægypti — expresses origin of deliverance.

Instrumental phrase:
per iudicia maxima — indicates means by which deliverance is achieved.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects clauses; Translation: and; Notes: simple coordinator.
  2. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negates verb; Translation: not; Notes: standard negation.
  3. audiet — Lemma: audio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he will listen; Notes: prophetically anticipates Pharaoh’s refusal.
  4. vos — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural; Function: direct object; Translation: you; Notes: refers to Moses and Aaron.
  5. immittamque — Lemma: immitto + -que; Part of Speech: verb + enclitic; Form: first person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: and I will send forth; Notes: enclitic links consecutive divine actions.
  6. manum — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object; Translation: hand; Notes: symbolic of divine power.
  7. meam — Lemma: meus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies manum; Translation: my; Notes: agrees in gender, number, case.
  8. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: upon; Notes: indicates direction of divine action.
  9. Ægyptum — Lemma: Ægyptus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of super; Translation: Egypt; Notes: Clementine spelling preserved.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects verbs; Translation: and; Notes: introduces further divine action.
  11. educam — Lemma: educo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: I will bring out; Notes: denotes deliverance.
  12. exercitum — Lemma: exercitus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: army; Notes: Israel conceptualized as God’s army.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates with previous object; Translation: and; Notes: simple connector.
  14. populum — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: coordinated object; Translation: people; Notes: second term in parallel pair.
  15. meum — Lemma: meus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies populum; Translation: my; Notes: expresses covenant ownership.
  16. filios — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: apposition to populum; Translation: sons; Notes: defines population of Israel.
  17. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies filios; Translation: of Israel; Notes: covenant identifier.
  18. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses source; Translation: from; Notes: marks point of departure.
  19. Terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of de; Translation: land; Notes: geographic origin.
  20. Ægypti — Lemma: Ægyptus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies Terra; Translation: of Egypt; Notes: preserves traditional spelling.
  21. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: indicates means; Translation: by; Notes: expresses instrumentality.
  22. iudicia — Lemma: iudicium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of per; Translation: judgments; Notes: denotes divine acts.
  23. maxima — Lemma: magnus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies iudicia; Translation: great; Notes: emphasizes severity.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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