Genesis 7:7

Posted on January 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 7:7 Et ingressus est Noe et filii eius, uxor eius et uxores filiorum eius cum eo in arcam propter aquas diluvii.

And Noe entered, and his sons, and his wife, and the wives of his sons with him, into the ark because of the waters of the flood.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 ingressus having entered PART.PERF.NOM.SG.M
3 est is / was VERB.3SG.PRES.ACT.IND (AUX)
4 Noe Noah NOUN.NOM.SG.M
5 et and CONJ
6 filii sons NOUN.NOM.PL.M
7 eius his PRON.GEN.SG.M
8 uxor wife NOUN.NOM.SG.F
9 eius his PRON.GEN.SG.M
10 et and CONJ
11 uxores wives NOUN.NOM.PL.F
12 filiorum of (his) sons NOUN.GEN.PL.M
13 eius his PRON.GEN.SG.M
14 cum with PREP+ABL
15 eo him PRON.ABL.SG.M
16 in into PREP+ACC
17 arcam ark NOUN.ACC.SG.F
18 propter because of PREP+ACC
19 aquas waters NOUN.ACC.PL.F
20 diluvii of the flood NOUN.GEN.SG.N

Syntax

The principal clause Et ingressus est Noe features a perfect deponent construction combining ingressus (perfect participle) and the auxiliary est, translated “and Noe entered.”
The repeated conjunction et connects a coordinate series: filii eius (his sons), uxor eius (his wife), and uxores filiorum eius (the wives of his sons), showing parallel familial entry.
The adverbial prepositional phrase cum eo (“with him”) underscores companionship and shared obedience.
In arcam marks movement toward the ark (accusative of motion), while propter aquas diluvii expresses causation — “because of the waters of the flood.”
The structure is highly paratactic, reflecting Hebraic narrative rhythm through its multiple et connectors.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates clauses; Translation: and; Notes: joins narrative segments.
  2. ingressus — Lemma: ingredior; Part of Speech: Participle (Deponent); Form: perfect nominative singular masculine; Function: agrees with Noe; Translation: having entered; Notes: used with est to form perfect tense.
  3. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb (Auxiliary); Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary forming deponent perfect; Translation: is / was; Notes: completes periphrastic construction “ingressus est.”
  4. Noe — Lemma: Noe; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: Noah; Notes: Hebrew נֹחַ (Noaḥ), meaning “rest.”
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: joins coordinate subjects; Translation: and; Notes: paratactic linkage.
  6. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: coordinate subject; Translation: sons; Notes: part of the household entering the ark.
  7. eius — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: Pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive modifier; Translation: his; Notes: indicates familial belonging.
  8. uxor — Lemma: uxor; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: coordinate subject; Translation: wife; Notes: singular, referring to Noe’s spouse.
  9. eius — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: Pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive modifier; Translation: his; Notes: parallel possessive repetition.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates phrase; Translation: and; Notes: joins successive subjects.
  11. uxores — Lemma: uxor; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: coordinate subject; Translation: wives; Notes: plural counterpart to uxor.
  12. filiorum — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: of (his) sons; Notes: qualifies “uxores.”
  13. eius — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: Pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive; Translation: his; Notes: reinforces lineage unity.
  14. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses accompaniment; Translation: with; Notes: denotes association.
  15. eo — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: Pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of “cum”; Translation: him; Notes: refers back to Noe.
  16. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: indicates motion toward; Translation: into; Notes: introduces goal of movement.
  17. arcam — Lemma: arca; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of “in”; Translation: ark; Notes: vessel of divine preservation.
  18. propter — Lemma: propter; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses cause; Translation: because of; Notes: indicates reason for entry.
  19. aquas — Lemma: aqua; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of “propter”; Translation: waters; Notes: refers to floodwaters rising.
  20. diluvii — Lemma: diluvium; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive of specification; Translation: of the flood; Notes: specifies type of waters.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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