Leviticus 13:19

Posted on April 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 13:19 et in loco ulceris cicatrix alba apparuerit, sive subrufa, adducetur homo ad sacerdotem:

and if in the place of the ulcer a white scar shall have appeared, or reddish, the man shall be brought to the priest;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 in in PREP+ABL
3 loco place ABL.SG.M
4 ulceris of the ulcer GEN.SG.N
5 cicatrix scar NOM.SG.F
6 alba white NOM.SG.F ADJ.POS
7 apparuerit has appeared 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
8 sive or CONJ
9 subrufa reddish NOM.SG.F ADJ.POS
10 adducetur he shall be brought 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
11 homo man NOM.SG.M
12 ad to PREP+ACC
13 sacerdotem the priest ACC.SG.M

Syntax

Conditional Frame: et in loco ulceris cicatrix alba apparuerit sive subrufa sets a diagnostic condition introduced by a perfect subjunctive verb.
Locative Phrase: in loco ulceris specifies the exact bodily site of observation.
Subject: cicatrix is the observable medical feature under evaluation.
Alternative Description: alba sive subrufa presents two possible appearances joined by sive.
Main Clause: adducetur homo ad sacerdotem mandates presentation before priestly authority.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates with the preceding case; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the legal sequence.
  2. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: marks location; Translation: in; Notes: Locative use.
  3. loco — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: place; Notes: Indicates a specific bodily spot.
  4. ulceris — Lemma: ulcus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies loco; Translation: of the ulcer; Notes: Identifies the former wound.
  5. cicatrix — Lemma: cicatrix; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: scar; Notes: Healed tissue remaining after injury.
  6. alba — Lemma: albus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular feminine positive; Function: modifies cicatrix; Translation: white; Notes: One possible diagnostic color.
  7. apparuerit — Lemma: appareo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of conditional clause; Translation: has appeared; Notes: Subjunctive marks contingent observation.
  8. sive — Lemma: sive; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces alternative; Translation: or; Notes: Offers an either–or description.
  9. subrufa — Lemma: subrufus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular feminine positive; Function: alternative modifier of cicatrix; Translation: reddish; Notes: Describes a secondary coloration.
  10. adducetur — Lemma: adduco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall be brought; Notes: Orders compulsory presentation.
  11. homo — Lemma: homo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of adducetur; Translation: man; Notes: The person affected.
  12. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: marks direction; Translation: to; Notes: Indicates destination.
  13. sacerdotem — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of ad; Translation: the priest; Notes: Authorized examiner of ritual status.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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