Leviticus 13:23

Posted on April 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 13:23 sin autem steterit in loco suo, ulceris est cicatrix, et homo mundus erit.

but if it shall have remained in its place, it is the scar of an ulcer, and the man shall be clean.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 sin but if CONJ
2 autem however ADV
3 steterit shall have remained 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
4 in in PREP+ABL
5 loco place ABL.SG.M
6 suo its own ABL.SG.M POSS.PRON
7 ulceris of an ulcer GEN.SG.N
8 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
9 cicatrix scar NOM.SG.F
10 et and CONJ
11 homo man NOM.SG.M
12 mundus clean NOM.SG.M ADJ.POS
13 erit shall be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Conditional Clause: sin autem steterit in loco suo introduces an alternative outcome using a perfect subjunctive to mark a future-contingent observation.
Locative Phrase: in loco suo specifies lack of spread or change.
Identifying Clause: ulceris est cicatrix classifies the condition as residual scarring rather than active disease.
Main Result Clause: et homo mundus erit pronounces the final status of purity.

Morphology

  1. sin — Lemma: sin; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces an alternative condition; Translation: but if; Notes: Common legal connector contrasting outcomes.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: marks contrast; Translation: however; Notes: Softens the transition to a different ruling.
  3. steterit — Lemma: sto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of the conditional clause; Translation: shall have remained; Notes: Indicates lack of growth or spread.
  4. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: marks location; Translation: in; Notes: Locative use.
  5. loco — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: place; Notes: Refers to the original site.
  6. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies loco; Translation: its own; Notes: Emphasizes unchanged location.
  7. ulceris — Lemma: ulcus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies cicatrix; Translation: of an ulcer; Notes: Identifies the origin of the scar.
  8. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: States classification.
  9. cicatrix — Lemma: cicatrix; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: scar; Notes: Residual healed tissue.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates result clauses; Translation: and; Notes: Links diagnosis and verdict.
  11. homo — Lemma: homo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: man; Notes: The examined individual.
  12. mundus — Lemma: mundus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine positive; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: clean; Notes: Denotes ritual purity.
  13. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: verb of result; Translation: shall be; Notes: Declares the final status.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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