Leviticus 13:48

Posted on April 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 13:48 in stamine atque subtegmine, aut certe pellis, vel quidquid ex pelle confectum est,

in the warp and in the woof, or indeed a skin, or anything that has been made from skin,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 in in PREP+ABL
2 stamine warp ABL.SG.N
3 atque and CONJ
4 subtegmine woof ABL.SG.N
5 aut or CONJ
6 certe indeed ADV
7 pellis skin NOM.SG.F
8 vel or CONJ
9 quidquid whatever NOM.SG.N REL.PRON
10 ex from PREP+ABL
11 pelle skin ABL.SG.F
12 confectum made NOM.SG.N PTCP.PERF.PASS
13 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND

Syntax

Locative Extension: in stamine atque subtegmine specifies textile components where the condition may appear.
Alternative Category: aut certe pellis broadens the scope beyond woven fabric.
General Inclusion: vel quidquid ex pelle confectum est captures all leather products by a relative construction.

Morphology

  1. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: marks location; Translation: in; Notes: Introduces the material context.
  2. stamine — Lemma: stamen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: warp; Notes: Longitudinal threads of a fabric.
  3. atque — Lemma: atque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins coordinated items; Translation: and; Notes: Stronger connective than et.
  4. subtegmine — Lemma: subtegmen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: woof; Notes: Transverse threads in weaving.
  5. aut — Lemma: aut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces an alternative; Translation: or; Notes: Marks a different material category.
  6. certe — Lemma: certe; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: emphasizes certainty; Translation: indeed; Notes: Strengthens the alternative.
  7. pellis — Lemma: pellis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of the implied clause; Translation: skin; Notes: Untreated or treated hide.
  8. vel — Lemma: vel; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: adds a further alternative; Translation: or; Notes: Expands inclusion.
  9. quidquid — Lemma: quidquid; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: whatever; Notes: Generalizing term.
  10. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: indicates material source; Translation: from; Notes: Points to origin of manufacture.
  11. pelle — Lemma: pellis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of ex; Translation: skin; Notes: Material base.
  12. confectum — Lemma: conficio; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular neuter perfect passive; Function: predicate participle; Translation: made; Notes: Indicates finished manufacture.
  13. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: Completes the relative statement.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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