Leviticus 17:10

Posted on April 17, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 17:10 Homo quilibet de domo Israel, et de advenis qui pereginantur inter eos, si comederit sanguinem, obfirmabo faciem meam contra animam illius, et disperdam eam de populo suo,

Any man from the house of Israel, and from the sojourners who sojourn among them, if he eats blood, I will set my face against that soul, and I will destroy it from among his people,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Homo man NOM.SG.M
2 quilibet any NOM.SG.M.INDEF
3 de from PREP+ABL
4 domo house ABL.SG.F
5 Israel Israel INDECL.NOUN
6 et and CONJ
7 de from PREP+ABL
8 advenis sojourners ABL.PL.M
9 qui who NOM.PL.M.REL
10 pereginantur sojourn 3PL.PRES.DEP.IND
11 inter among PREP+ACC
12 eos them ACC.PL.M.PRON.PERS
13 si if CONJ
14 comederit has-eaten 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
15 sanguinem blood ACC.SG.M
16 obfirmabo I-will-set-firm 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
17 faciem face ACC.SG.F
18 meam my ACC.SG.F.PRON.POSS
19 contra against PREP+ACC
20 animam soul ACC.SG.F
21 illius of-that-one GEN.SG.M.DEM
22 et and CONJ
23 disperdam I-will-destroy 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
24 eam it ACC.SG.F.PRON.PERS
25 de from PREP+ABL
26 populo people ABL.SG.M
27 suo his-own ABL.SG.M.PRON.POSS

Syntax

Subject: Homo quilibet — any individual person
Partitive Groups: de domo Israel, de advenis — Israelites and resident foreigners
Relative Clause: qui pereginantur inter eos — description of the sojourners
Conditional Clause: si comederit sanguinem — prohibited act
Main Divine Response: obfirmabo faciem meam — declaration of divine opposition
Prepositional Opposition: contra animam illius — target of judgment
Result Clause: et disperdam eam — execution of the sanction
Separation Phrase: de populo suo — removal from the covenant community

Morphology

  1. Homo — Lemma: homo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular, third declension; Function: subject; Translation: man; Notes: Generic legal subject.
  2. quilibet — Lemma: quilibet; Part of Speech: indefinite adjective/pronoun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: modifies homo; Translation: any; Notes: Emphasizes universality.
  3. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: source; Translation: from; Notes: Partitive force.
  4. domo — Lemma: domus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative feminine singular, fourth declension; Function: object of de; Translation: house; Notes: Corporate family unit.
  5. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: genitive in sense; Translation: Israel; Notes: Covenant people.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds a second category.
  7. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: source; Translation: from; Notes: Parallel construction.
  8. advenis — Lemma: advena; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine plural, first declension; Function: object of de; Translation: sojourners; Notes: Resident foreigners.
  9. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: Refers to advenis.
  10. pereginantur — Lemma: peregrinor; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present indicative deponent; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: sojourn; Notes: Deponent verb; spelling preserved as in the text.
  11. inter — Lemma: inter; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: among; Notes: Indicates coexistence.
  12. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative masculine plural; Function: object of inter; Translation: them; Notes: Refers to Israel.
  13. si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: conditional marker; Translation: if; Notes: Introduces the offense.
  14. comederit — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of condition; Translation: has eaten; Notes: Legal formulation with subjunctive.
  15. sanguinem — Lemma: sanguis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: blood; Notes: Prohibited substance.
  16. obfirmabo — Lemma: obfirmo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular future indicative active; Function: main divine declaration; Translation: I will set firmly; Notes: Idiom for resolute opposition.
  17. faciem — Lemma: facies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine singular, fifth declension; Function: direct object; Translation: face; Notes: Symbol of divine attention.
  18. meam — Lemma: meus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: accusative feminine singular; Function: modifies faciem; Translation: my; Notes: Refers to the LORD.
  19. contra — Lemma: contra; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: opposition; Translation: against; Notes: Judicial hostility.
  20. animam — Lemma: anima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine singular, first declension; Function: object of contra; Translation: soul; Notes: The offending person.
  21. illius — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: modifies animam; Translation: of that one; Notes: Distancing reference.
  22. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links the two divine actions.
  23. disperdam — Lemma: disperdo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular future indicative active; Function: result action; Translation: I will destroy; Notes: Covenant sanction.
  24. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative feminine singular; Function: direct object; Translation: it; Notes: Refers back to animam.
  25. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: separation; Translation: from; Notes: Removal from the group.
  26. populo — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular, second declension; Function: object of de; Translation: people; Notes: Covenant community.
  27. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: ablative masculine singular; Function: modifies populo; Translation: his own; Notes: Reflexive possession.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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