Leviticus 19:24

Posted on April 19, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 19:24 Quarto autem anno omnis fructus eorum sanctificabitur laudabilis Domino.

But in the fourth year all their fruit shall be made holy, a praise to the LORD.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quarto fourth ABL.SG.M ORD.ADJ
2 autem but CONJ
3 anno year ABL.SG.M 2ND DECL NOUN
4 omnis all NOM.SG.M ADJ
5 fructus fruit NOM.SG.M 4TH DECL NOUN
6 eorum their GEN.PL INVAR.PRON
7 sanctificabitur shall be made holy 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
8 laudabilis praiseworthy NOM.SG.M ADJ
9 Domino LORD DAT.SG.M 2ND DECL NOUN

Syntax

Temporal Frame: Quarto autem anno (ablative of time indicating when the regulation applies)

Subject: omnis fructus eorum (nominative subject with possessive genitive)

Main Verb: sanctificabitur (future passive expressing prescribed cultic status)

Predicate Modifier: laudabilis (adjectival predicate describing the consecrated fruit)

Dative of Reference: Domino (recipient and object of dedication; YHWH)

Morphology

  1. Quarto — Lemma: quartus; Part of Speech: ordinal adjective; Form: ablative masculine singular; Function: modifies anno in a temporal phrase; Translation: fourth; Notes: marks a specific year in a regulated sequence.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: postpositive; Function: introduces a contrast or transition; Translation: but; Notes: shifts from prohibition to consecration.
  3. anno — Lemma: annus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular second declension; Function: ablative of time when; Translation: year; Notes: establishes the temporal condition.
  4. omnis — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: modifies fructus; Translation: all; Notes: emphasizes totality without exception.
  5. fructus — Lemma: fructus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular fourth declension; Function: subject of sanctificabitur; Translation: fruit; Notes: collective singular referring to the year’s produce.
  6. eorum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive plural invariable; Function: possessive genitive modifying fructus; Translation: their; Notes: refers back to the planted trees.
  7. sanctificabitur — Lemma: sanctifico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative passive; Function: main predicate; Translation: shall be made holy; Notes: passive highlights consecration effected by ordinance.
  8. laudabilis — Lemma: laudabilis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: praiseworthy; Notes: indicates suitability for sacred praise.
  9. Domino — Lemma: dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative masculine singular second declension; Function: dative of dedication; Translation: LORD; Notes: rendered in all caps for YHWH.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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