Leviticus 2:16

Posted on April 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 2:16 de qua adolebit sacerdos in memoriam muneris partem farris fracti, et olei, ac totum thus.

from which the priest shall burn as a memorial of the gift a portion of the broken grain, and of the oil, and all the incense.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 de from PREP+ABL
2 qua which PRON, ABL.SG.F, REL
3 adolebit he shall burn VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
4 sacerdos the priest NOUN, NOM.SG.M, 3RD DECL
5 in as PREP+ACC
6 memoriam a memorial NOUN, ACC.SG.F, 1ST DECL
7 muneris of the gift NOUN, GEN.SG.N, 3RD DECL
8 partem a portion NOUN, ACC.SG.F, 3RD DECL
9 farris of the grain NOUN, GEN.SG.N, 3RD DECL
10 fracti broken PTCP, GEN.SG.N, PERF.PASS
11 et and CONJ
12 olei of the oil NOUN, GEN.SG.N, 2ND DECL
13 ac and CONJ
14 totum all ADJ, ACC.SG.N, POS
15 thus incense NOUN, ACC.SG.N, 3RD DECL

Syntax

Prepositional Phrase: de qua — introduces the source material from which the memorial portion is taken.
Main Predicate: adolebit sacerdos — “the priest shall burn,” with sacerdos as explicit subject.
Purpose/Designation Phrase: in memoriam muneris — expresses the ritual function: as a memorial of the gift.
Direct Objects: partem farris fracti, et olei, ac totum thus — a structured list of what is burned.
Genitives: muneris, farris, olei — specify the categories of offering substances.

Morphology

  1. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates source; Translation: from; Notes: common in sacrificial instructions describing portions taken from offerings.
  2. qua — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular feminine relative; Function: refers back to the offering previously described; Translation: which; Notes: links this clause with prior ritual actions.
  3. adolebit — Lemma: adoleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall burn; Notes: expresses obligatory priestly function.
  4. sacerdos — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: the priest; Notes: officiant responsible for ritual burning.
  5. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses purpose; Translation: as; Notes: introduces ritual designation.
  6. memoriam — Lemma: memoria; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: memorial; Notes: technical cultic term for the portion that rises as smoke.
  7. muneris — Lemma: munus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive of definition; Translation: of the gift; Notes: clarifies the nature of the offering.
  8. partem — Lemma: pars; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: a portion; Notes: indicates what is burned as a memorial.
  9. farris — Lemma: far; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive modifying partem; Translation: of the grain; Notes: refers to crushed grain used in offerings.
  10. fracti — Lemma: frango; Part of Speech: participle; Form: genitive singular neuter perfect passive participle; Function: modifies farris; Translation: broken; Notes: describes the grain’s prepared state.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects items; Translation: and; Notes: joins coordinate objects.
  12. olei — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: linked to partem; Translation: of the oil; Notes: lists another substance burned in memorial portion.
  13. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: strong connective; Translation: and; Notes: often used to heighten emphasis of final item.
  14. totum — Lemma: totus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies thus; Translation: all; Notes: incense is wholly burned.
  15. thus — Lemma: thus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: incense; Notes: incense symbolizes reverence and ascent of offering.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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