Leviticus 26:1

Posted on April 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 26:1 Ego Dominus Deus vester: Non facietis vobis idolum et sculptile, nec titulos erigetis, nec insignem lapidem ponetis in terra vestra, ut adoretis eum. eo enim sum Dominus Deus vester.

I am the LORD your God. You shall not make for yourselves an idol or a carved image, nor shall you set up pillars, nor shall you place a figured stone in your land to worship it; for I am the LORD your God.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Ego I NOM.SG.1.PERS.PRON
2 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M.2ND.DECL
3 Deus God NOM.SG.M.2ND.DECL
4 vester your NOM.SG.M.POSS.ADJ
5 Non not ADV
6 facietis you shall make 2PL.FUT.IND.ACT
7 vobis for yourselves DAT.PL.PERS.PRON
8 idolum idol ACC.SG.N.2ND.DECL
9 et and CONJ
10 sculptile carved image ACC.SG.N.3RD.DECL
11 nec nor CONJ
12 titulos pillars ACC.PL.M.2ND.DECL
13 erigetis you shall set up 2PL.FUT.IND.ACT
14 nec nor CONJ
15 insignem figured ACC.SG.M.ADJ
16 lapidem stone ACC.SG.M.3RD.DECL
17 ponetis you shall place 2PL.FUT.IND.ACT
18 in in PREP+ABL
19 terra land ABL.SG.F.1ST.DECL
20 vestra your ABL.SG.F.POSS.ADJ
21 ut so that CONJ
22 adoretis you may worship 2PL.PRES.SUBJ.ACT
23 eum it ACC.SG.M.PERS.PRON
24 eo for this reason ADV
25 enim for CONJ
26 sum I am 1SG.PRES.IND.ACT
27 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M.2ND.DECL
28 Deus God NOM.SG.M.2ND.DECL
29 vester your NOM.SG.M.POSS.ADJ

Syntax

Identity Clause: Ego Dominus Deus vester — emphatic self-identification grounding the commands.
Main Prohibitions: Non facietis… nec… nec… ponetis — coordinated future indicatives expressing binding prohibitions.
Purpose Clause: ut adoretis eum — subjunctive clause stating the forbidden intent of worship.
Grounding Clause: eo enim sum Dominus Deus vester — causal reinforcement repeating divine identity.

Morphology

  1. Ego — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: nominative singular first person; Function: subject; Translation: I; Notes: Emphatic pronoun heightening authority.
  2. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine, second declension; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: LORD; Notes: Renders YHWH.
  3. Deus — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine, second declension; Function: apposition; Translation: God; Notes: Specifies divine identity.
  4. vester — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies Deus; Translation: your; Notes: Covenantal possession.
  5. Non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: Negates the commands.
  6. facietis — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall make; Notes: Legal future expressing prohibition.
  7. vobis — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: dative plural; Function: dative of advantage; Translation: for yourselves; Notes: Reflexive sense.
  8. idolum — Lemma: idolum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: idol; Notes: Cult image.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins objects.
  10. sculptile — Lemma: sculptile; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: carved image; Notes: Man-made cult object.
  11. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: negative coordination; Translation: nor; Notes: Continues prohibition.
  12. titulos — Lemma: titulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: pillars; Notes: Cultic standing stones.
  13. erigetis — Lemma: erigo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall set up; Notes: Prohibits erection of cult objects.
  14. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: negative coordination; Translation: nor; Notes: Final prohibition.
  15. insignem — Lemma: insignis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies lapidem; Translation: figured; Notes: Marked or engraved.
  16. lapidem — Lemma: lapis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: stone; Notes: Object of veneration.
  17. ponetis — Lemma: pono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall place; Notes: Completes the triad of prohibitions.
  18. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: location; Translation: in; Notes: Spatial context.
  19. terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine, first declension; Function: object of in; Translation: land; Notes: Covenant territory.
  20. vestra — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies terra; Translation: your; Notes: Collective possession.
  21. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: purpose; Translation: so that; Notes: Introduces intent.
  22. adoretis — Lemma: adoro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural present subjunctive active; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: you may worship; Notes: Cultic act forbidden toward objects.
  23. eum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: it; Notes: Refers to the cult object.
  24. eo — Lemma: eo; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: causal adverb; Translation: for this reason; Notes: Introduces the ground.
  25. enim — Lemma: enim; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: causal connector; Translation: for; Notes: Reinforces rationale.
  26. sum — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular present indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: I am; Notes: Reasserts identity.
  27. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: LORD; Notes: Divine name repeated.
  28. Deus — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: apposition; Translation: God; Notes: Confirms deity.
  29. vester — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies Deus; Translation: your; Notes: Covenant relationship restated.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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