Leviticus 26:31

Posted on April 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 26:31 in tantum ut urbes vestras redigam in solitudinem, et deserta faciam Sanctuaria vestra, nec recipiam ultra odorem suavissimum.

to such an extent that I will reduce your cities to desolation, and I will make your sanctuaries deserted, and I will no longer accept the most pleasing aroma.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 in to PREP+ACC
2 tantum such an extent ACC.SG.N.ADJ
3 ut that CONJ
4 urbes cities ACC.PL.F.3RD.DECL
5 vestras your ACC.PL.F.POSS.ADJ
6 redigam I will reduce 1SG.FUT.IND.ACT
7 in into PREP+ACC
8 solitudinem desolation ACC.SG.F.3RD.DECL
9 et and CONJ
10 deserta deserted things ACC.PL.N.2ND.DECL
11 faciam I will make 1SG.FUT.IND.ACT
12 Sanctuaria sanctuaries ACC.PL.N.2ND.DECL
13 vestra your ACC.PL.N.POSS.ADJ
14 nec and not CONJ
15 recipiam I will accept 1SG.FUT.IND.ACT
16 ultra any longer ADV
17 odorem odor ACC.SG.M.3RD.DECL
18 suavissimum most pleasing ACC.SG.M.SUPER.ADJ

Syntax

Degree Result Construction: in tantum ut … — idiomatic expression introducing a result clause of extreme consequence.
First Result: urbes vestras redigam in solitudinem — future indicative with double accusative and prepositional complement expressing total devastation.
Second Result: deserta faciam Sanctuaria vestra — causative construction portraying cultic abandonment.
Cultic Rejection: nec recipiam ultra odorem suavissimum — negated future indicative declaring cessation of sacrificial acceptance.

Morphology

  1. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: degree; Translation: to; Notes: Forms a fixed expression with tantum.
  2. tantum — Lemma: tantus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: such an extent; Notes: Marks the intensity of the coming result.
  3. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: result conjunction; Translation: that; Notes: Introduces the consequence clause.
  4. urbes — Lemma: urbs; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: cities; Notes: Represents settled civic life.
  5. vestras — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies urbes; Translation: your; Notes: Assigns ownership and responsibility.
  6. redigam — Lemma: redigo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular future indicative active; Function: verb of result; Translation: I will reduce; Notes: Implies forceful transformation.
  7. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: result state; Translation: into; Notes: Marks the final condition.
  8. solitudinem — Lemma: solitudo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine, third declension; Function: object of in; Translation: desolation; Notes: Total abandonment and emptiness.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links parallel results.
  10. deserta — Lemma: desertum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter, second declension; Function: predicate accusative; Translation: deserted things; Notes: Emphasizes abandonment.
  11. faciam — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular future indicative active; Function: causative verb; Translation: I will make; Notes: Indicates deliberate action.
  12. Sanctuaria — Lemma: sanctuarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: sanctuaries; Notes: Central places of worship.
  13. vestra — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies Sanctuaria; Translation: your; Notes: Indicates forfeited privilege.
  14. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: negative coordination; Translation: and not; Notes: Adds a final negated outcome.
  15. recipiam — Lemma: recipio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: I will accept; Notes: Cultic language of receiving offerings.
  16. ultra — Lemma: ultra; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: temporal limit; Translation: any longer; Notes: Marks permanent cessation.
  17. odorem — Lemma: odor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: odor; Notes: Refers to sacrificial aroma.
  18. suavissimum — Lemma: suavis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine superlative degree; Function: modifies odorem; Translation: most pleasing; Notes: Conventional cultic expression for accepted sacrifice.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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