Leviticus 5:11

Posted on April 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 5:11 Quod si non quiverit manus eius duos offerre turtures, aut duos pullos columbarum, offeret pro peccato suo similæ partem ephi decimam. non mittet in eam oleum, nec thuris aliquid imponet, quia pro peccato est.

But if his hand should not be able to offer two turtledoves or two young pigeons, he shall offer for his sin a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour he shall not put oil upon it nor shall he place any frankincense upon it, because it is for sin.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quod but CONJ
2 si if CONJ
3 non not ADV
4 quiverit she should be able VERB, 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
5 manus hand NOUN, NOM.SG.F
6 eius her PRON, GEN.SG.
7 duos two ADJ, ACC.PL.M
8 offerre to offer INF, PRES.ACT
9 turtures turtledoves NOUN, ACC.PL.M
10 aut or CONJ
11 duos two ADJ, ACC.PL.M
12 pullos young birds NOUN, ACC.PL.M
13 columbarum of pigeons NOUN, GEN.PL.F
14 offeret she shall offer VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
15 pro for PREP+ABL
16 peccato sin NOUN, ABL.SG.N
17 suo her PRON, ABL.SG.M/F/N, POSS
18 similæ of fine flour NOUN, GEN.SG.F
19 partem a portion NOUN, ACC.SG.F
20 ephi of an ephah NOUN, GEN.SG.F
21 decimam a tenth ADJ, ACC.SG.F
22 non not ADV
23 mittet she shall put VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
24 in into PREP+ACC
25 eam it PRON, ACC.SG.F
26 oleum oil NOUN, ACC.SG.N
27 nec nor CONJ
28 thuris of frankincense NOUN, GEN.SG.N
29 aliquid anything PRON, ACC.SG.N, INDEF
30 imponet she shall place VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
31 quia because CONJ
32 pro for PREP+ABL
33 peccato sin NOUN, ABL.SG.N
34 est it is VERB, 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND

Syntax

Quod si non quiverit manus eius — conditional protasis; manus eius idiomatically = “her means / her resources.”
duos offerre turtures aut duos pullos columbarum — complementary infinitive phrase listing required offerings.
offeret pro peccato suo — apodosis; alternative offering prescribed.
similæ partem ephi decimam — direct object specifying amount.
non mittet in eam oleum nec thuris aliquid imponet — ritual prohibitions.
quia pro peccato est — causal clause explaining why oil and incense are excluded.

Morphology

  1. Quod — Lemma: quod; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces conditional law; Translation: but; Notes: continuative sense in legal formulas.
  2. si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: conditional protasis; Translation: if; Notes: introduces condition.
  3. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: modifies quiverit.
  4. quiverit — Lemma: queo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect active indicative; Function: verb of ability in conditional clause; Translation: she should be able; Notes: future perfect common in legal protases.
  5. manus — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: hand; Notes: idiom for financial capacity.
  6. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: possessive; Translation: her; Notes: refers to anima.
  7. duos — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: quantifier; Translation: two; Notes: modifies turtures.
  8. offerre — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to offer; Notes: expresses required act.
  9. turtures — Lemma: turtur; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of offerre; Translation: turtledoves; Notes: standard poor-person offering.
  10. aut — Lemma: aut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: disjunction; Translation: or; Notes: exclusive or.
  11. duos — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: quantifier; Translation: two; Notes: modifies pullos.
  12. pullos — Lemma: pullus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object; Translation: young birds; Notes: young pigeons.
  13. columbarum — Lemma: columba; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural feminine; Function: genitive of species; Translation: of pigeons; Notes: specifies type of pullos.
  14. offeret — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: she shall offer; Notes: apodosis of the condition.
  15. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: beneficiary phrase; Translation: for; Notes: sacrificial purpose.
  16. peccato — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of pro; Translation: sin; Notes: cause of offering.
  17. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine/feminine/neuter; Function: possessive; Translation: her; Notes: reflexive to anima.
  18. similæ — Lemma: simila; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: partitive genitive; Translation: of fine flour; Notes: cereal offering for poorest worshipers.
  19. partem — Lemma: pars; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: a portion; Notes: measurement unit.
  20. ephi — Lemma: epha; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of measure; Translation: of an ephah; Notes: Hebrew dry measure.
  21. decimam — Lemma: decimus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: numerical modifier; Translation: a tenth; Notes: precise amount.
  22. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: prohibition.
  23. mittet — Lemma: mitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: negative command; Translation: she shall put; Notes: governs in eam.
  24. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: direction; Translation: into; Notes: spatial.
  25. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: it; Notes: refers to the cereal offering.
  26. oleum — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: oil; Notes: omitted because sin offering must be “dry.”
  27. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: negative coordination; Translation: nor; Notes: joins parallel prohibition.
  28. thuris — Lemma: thus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: partitive genitive; Translation: of frankincense; Notes: fragrant incense excluded from sin offerings.
  29. aliquid — Lemma: aliquis; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: anything; Notes: indefinite.
  30. imponet — Lemma: impono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: negative command; Translation: she shall place; Notes: forbids incense addition.
  31. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: causal clause; Translation: because; Notes: introduces explanation.
  32. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: purpose; Translation: for; Notes: designates offering type.
  33. peccato — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of pro; Translation: sin; Notes: sacrificial classification.
  34. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: it is; Notes: defines ritual purpose.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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