Leviticus 9:22

Posted on April 9, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 9:22 Et extendens manus ad populum, benedixit ei. Sicque completis hostiis pro peccato, et holocaustis, et pacificis, descendit.

And stretching out his hands toward the people, he blessed them. And thus with the sacrifices for sin, and the burnt offerings, and the peace offerings having been completed, he went down.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 extendens stretching out PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M
3 manus hands ACC.PL.F
4 ad toward PREP+ACC
5 populum the people ACC.SG.M
6 benedixit he blessed 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
7 ei them DAT.SG.M
8 Sicque and thus ADV+CONJ
9 completis having been completed PTCP.PERF.PASS.ABL.PL.F
10 hostiis sacrifices ABL.PL.F
11 pro for PREP+ABL
12 peccato sin ABL.SG.N
13 et and CONJ
14 holocaustis burnt offerings ABL.PL.N
15 et and CONJ
16 pacificis peace offerings ABL.PL.F
17 descendit he went down 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND

Syntax

Participial Action: extendens manus ad populum — preparatory gesture accompanying speech
Main Verb: benedixit — act of blessing directed to the people
Discourse Connector: Sicque — marks resulting sequence
Ablative Absolute: completis hostiis pro peccato et holocaustis et pacificis — rites brought to completion
Final Action: descendit — movement away after completion

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links this action with the preceding rite.
  2. extendens — Lemma: extendo; Part of Speech: verb participle; Form: present active participle nominative masculine singular; Function: attendant circumstance; Translation: stretching out; Notes: Describes the physical posture during blessing.
  3. manus — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine plural fourth declension; Function: direct object of extendens; Translation: hands; Notes: Gesture associated with priestly blessing.
  4. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: direction; Translation: toward; Notes: Indicates orientation to the people.
  5. populum — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular second declension; Function: object of ad; Translation: the people; Notes: The assembled congregation.
  6. benedixit — Lemma: benedico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he blessed; Notes: Formal priestly pronouncement.
  7. ei — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: dative masculine singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: them; Notes: Collective reference to the people.
  8. Sicque — Lemma: sic; Part of Speech: adverb with enclitic conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: result marker; Translation: and thus; Notes: Signals transition to the concluding action.
  9. completis — Lemma: compleo; Part of Speech: verb participle; Form: perfect passive participle ablative feminine plural; Function: head of ablative absolute; Translation: having been completed; Notes: Indicates the rites are finished.
  10. hostiis — Lemma: hostia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative feminine plural first declension; Function: element of the ablative absolute; Translation: sacrifices; Notes: General sacrificial offerings.
  11. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Specifies intent.
  12. peccato — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter singular second declension; Function: object of pro; Translation: sin; Notes: Refers to expiatory offerings.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the list.
  14. holocaustis — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter plural second declension; Function: element of the ablative absolute; Translation: burnt offerings; Notes: Offerings wholly consumed by fire.
  15. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds the final category.
  16. pacificis — Lemma: pacificus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: ablative feminine plural; Function: element of the ablative absolute; Translation: peace offerings; Notes: Communion sacrifices.
  17. descendit — Lemma: descendo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: concluding verb; Translation: he went down; Notes: Departure after ritual completion.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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