Exodus 33:1

Posted on March 24, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 33:1 Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen, dicens: Vade, ascende de loco isto tu, et populus tuus quem eduxisti de Terra Ægypti, in terram quam iuravi Abraham, Isaac, et Iacob, dicens: Semini tuo dabo eam:

And the LORD spoke to Moyses, saying: “Go, ascend from this place, you and your people whom you led out from the Land of Egypt, into the land which I swore to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, saying: ‘To your seed I will give it.’

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Locutusque and spoke PTCP.PERF.ACT.NOM.SG.M 3RD CONJ
2 est is 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
3 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M 2ND DECL
4 ad to PREP+ACC
5 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M 3RD DECL
6 dicens saying PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M 3RD CONJ
7 Vade go 2SG.IMP.ACT 3RD CONJ
8 ascende ascend 2SG.IMP.ACT 3RD CONJ
9 de from PREP+ABL
10 loco place ABL.SG.M 2ND DECL
11 isto this ABL.SG.M DEM.PRON
12 tu you NOM.SG PERS.PRON
13 et and CONJ
14 populus people NOM.SG.M 2ND DECL
15 tuus your NOM.SG.M POSS.PRON
16 quem whom ACC.SG.M REL.PRON
17 eduxisti you led out 2SG.PERF.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
18 de from PREP+ABL
19 Terra Land ABL.SG.F 1ST DECL
20 Ægypti of Egypt GEN.SG.F 1ST DECL (indecl. name)
21 in into PREP+ACC
22 terram land ACC.SG.F 1ST DECL
23 quam which ACC.SG.F REL.PRON
24 iuravi I swore 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND 1ST CONJ
25 Abraham Abraham ACC.SG.M INDECL
26 Isaac Isaac ACC.SG.M INDECL
27 et and CONJ
28 Iacob Jacob ACC.SG.M INDECL
29 dicens saying PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M 3RD CONJ
30 Semini to seed DAT.SG.N 3RD DECL
31 tuo your DAT.SG.N POSS.PRON
32 dabo I will give 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND 1ST CONJ
33 eam it ACC.SG.F PERS.PRON

Syntax

Main Clause: Dominus = Subject; Locutus est = Verb
Indirect Object: ad Moysen
Participial Clause: dicens introduces divine commands
Imperatives: Vade, ascende direct Moses
Relative Clause: quem eduxisti… modifies populus tuus
Prepositional Clauses: de loco isto, de Terra Ægypti, in terram quam…
Final Subclause: dicens… dabo eam expresses content of divine promise

Morphology

  1. Locutusque — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect active participle nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies Dominus; Translation: and spoke; Notes: from deponent verb.
  2. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: auxiliary; Translation: is; Notes: completes periphrastic perfect.
  3. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  4. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: marks indirect object; Translation: to; Notes: directional.
  5. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: Moses; Notes: Greek/Latin declension.
  6. dicens — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active participle nominative singular masculine; Function: introduces quoted command; Translation: saying; Notes: participial speech marker.
  7. Vade — Lemma: vado; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd singular imperative active; Function: command; Translation: go; Notes: divine imperative.
  8. ascende — Lemma: ascendo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd singular imperative active; Function: command; Translation: ascend; Notes: paired with vade.
  9. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses motion from; Translation: from; Notes: standard ablative marker.
  10. loco — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: place; Notes: literal spatial reference.
  11. isto — Lemma: iste; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies locus; Translation: this; Notes: near the hearer.
  12. tu — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: subject; Translation: you; Notes: explicit for emphasis.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins subjects; Translation: and; Notes: frequent connective.
  14. populus — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: people; Notes: covenant community.
  15. tuus — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies populus; Translation: your; Notes: emphasis on Moses’ leadership.
  16. quem — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of eduxisti; Translation: whom; Notes: introduces relative clause.
  17. eduxisti — Lemma: educo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd singular perfect active indicative; Function: predicate of relative clause; Translation: you led out; Notes: recalls Exodus deliverance.
  18. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: marks source; Translation: from; Notes: spatial origin.
  19. Terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: land; Notes: geographic.
  20. Ægypti — Lemma: Ægyptus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular; Function: possessive/genitive of specification; Translation: of Egypt; Notes: proper name.
  21. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: direction into; Translation: into; Notes: motion toward.
  22. terram — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: land; Notes: promised land.
  23. quam — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of iuravi; Translation: which; Notes: connects promise clause.
  24. iuravi — Lemma: iuro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 1st person singular perfect active indicative; Function: action of YHWH; Translation: I swore; Notes: oath formula.
  25. Abraham — Lemma: Abraham; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular; Function: object in oath; Translation: Abraham; Notes: patriarch.
  26. Isaac — Lemma: Isaac; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular; Function: coordinated object; Translation: Isaac; Notes: patriarch.
  27. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins names; Translation: and; Notes: simple connective.
  28. Iacob — Lemma: Iacob; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular; Function: coordinated object; Translation: Jacob; Notes: patriarch.
  29. dicens — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active; Function: introduces quoted oath; Translation: saying; Notes: direct speech marker.
  30. Semini — Lemma: semen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular neuter; Function: indirect object; Translation: to seed; Notes: covenantal term.
  31. tuo — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular neuter; Function: modifies semen; Translation: your; Notes: indicates belonging.
  32. dabo — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 1st person singular future active indicative; Function: divine promise; Translation: I will give; Notes: covenantal grant formula.
  33. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: her/it; Notes: refers to terram.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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