Exodus 26:32

Posted on March 17, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 26:32 quod appendes ante quattuor columnas de lignis setim, quæ ipsæ quidem deauratæ erunt, et habebunt capita aurea, sed bases argenteas.

which you shall hang before four columns of setim wood, which shall themselves indeed be gilded, and shall have capitals of gold, but bases of silver.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 quod which ACC.SG.N, PRON.REL
2 appendes you shall hang 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND, 3RD CONJ
3 ante before PREP+ACC
4 quattuor four INVAR, NUM.ADJ
5 columnas columns ACC.PL.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
6 de of/from PREP+ABL
7 lignis woods ABL.PL.N, NOUN, 2ND DECL
8 setim setim ABL.PL.N, NOUN, INDECL (Hebrew loanword)
9 quæ which NOM.PL.F, PRON.REL
10 ipsæ themselves NOM.PL.F, PRON.DEM
11 quidem indeed ADV, INDECL
12 deauratæ gilded NOM.PL.F, PTCP.PERF.PASS, 1ST CONJ
13 erunt shall be 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND, IRREG
14 et and CONJ, INDECL
15 habebunt they shall have 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND, 3RD CONJ
16 capita capitals ACC.PL.N, NOUN, 3RD DECL
17 aurea golden ACC.PL.N, ADJ, 1ST/2ND DECL
18 sed but CONJ, INDECL
19 bases bases ACC.PL.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
20 argenteas silver ACC.PL.F, ADJ, 1ST/2ND DECL

Syntax

Relative clause modifying the veil:
• quod appendes — “which you shall hang”
— quod refers to *velum* from the previous verse
— appendes = governing verb.

Prepositional phrase:
• ante quattuor columnas — “before four columns”
— expresses placement.

Material description:
• de lignis setim — “of setim wood”
— ablative of material.

Relative clause describing the columns:
• quæ ipsæ quidem deauratæ erunt — “which shall themselves indeed be gilded”
— ipsæ adds emphasis.

Second coordinated clause:
• et habebunt capita aurea — “and they shall have golden capitals”

Adversative clause:
• sed bases argenteas — “but silver bases”
— contrast between capitals (gold) and bases (silver).

Morphology

  1. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of appendes; Translation: which; Notes: refers to the veil.
  2. appendes — Lemma: appendo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall hang; Notes: instruction for positioning.
  3. ante — Lemma: ante; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: before; Notes: fixed placement.
  4. quattuor — Lemma: quattuor; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: invariable; Function: modifies columnas; Translation: four; Notes: cardinal numeral.
  5. columnas — Lemma: columna; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of ante; Translation: columns; Notes: architectural supports.
  6. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: ablative of material; Translation: from/of; Notes: composition indicator.
  7. lignis — Lemma: lignum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: material; Translation: woods; Notes: structural component.
  8. setim — Lemma: setim; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: specifies type of wood; Translation: setim; Notes: Hebrew loanword, indeclinable in Latin.
  9. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject of erunt; Translation: which; Notes: refers to the columns.
  10. ipsæ — Lemma: ipse; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: intensifier; Translation: themselves; Notes: adds emphasis.
  11. quidem — Lemma: quidem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: concessive emphasis; Translation: indeed; Notes: often paired with contrast.
  12. deauratæ — Lemma: deauro; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative plural feminine perfect passive; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: gilded; Notes: describes plating.
  13. erunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural future active indicative; Function: auxiliary; Translation: shall be; Notes: future state.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: joins clauses.
  15. habebunt — Lemma: habeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they shall have; Notes: describes added ornamentation.
  16. capita — Lemma: caput; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of habebunt; Translation: capitals; Notes: topmost part of columns.
  17. aurea — Lemma: aureus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies capita; Translation: golden; Notes: contrasts with bases.
  18. sed — Lemma: sed; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: adversative; Translation: but; Notes: marks contrast.
  19. bases — Lemma: basis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object (implied verb of being/having); Translation: bases; Notes: pedestal elements.
  20. argenteas — Lemma: argenteus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies bases; Translation: silver; Notes: material designation.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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