Exodus 26:35

Posted on March 17, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 26:35 mensamque extra velum: et contra mensam candelabrum in latere tabernaculi meridiano: mensa enim stabit in parte Aquilonis.

and the table you shall place outside the veil, and opposite the table the lampstand on the southern side of the tabernacle; for the table shall stand on the Northern side.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 mensamque and the table ACC.SG.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL +QUE
2 extra outside PREP+ACC
3 velum veil ACC.SG.N, NOUN, 2ND DECL
4 et and CONJ, INDECL
5 contra opposite PREP+ACC
6 mensam table ACC.SG.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
7 candelabrum lampstand ACC.SG.N, NOUN, 2ND DECL
8 in on PREP+ABL
9 latere side ABL.SG.N, NOUN, 3RD DECL
10 tabernaculi of the tabernacle GEN.SG.N, NOUN, 2ND DECL
11 meridiano southern ABL.SG.N, ADJ, 1ST/2ND DECL
12 mensa the table NOM.SG.F, NOUN, 1ST DECL
13 enim for ADV, INDECL
14 stabit shall stand 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND, 1ST CONJ
15 in in/on PREP+ABL
16 parte part ABL.SG.F, NOUN, 3RD DECL
17 Aquilonis of the North GEN.SG.M, NOUN, 3RD DECL

Syntax

Coordinated placement instructions:
• mensamque extra velum — “and the table outside the veil”
— extra with accusative indicates position outside the sacred veil.

• et contra mensam candelabrum — “and opposite the table, the lampstand”
— contra marks direct spatial opposition.

Locative elaboration:
• in latere tabernaculi meridiano — “on the southern side of the tabernacle”
— specifies position of the lampstand.

Explanatory clause:
• mensa enim stabit in parte Aquilonis — “for the table shall stand on the northern side”
— explains the opposition of north vs. south orientation.

Morphology

  1. mensamque — Lemma: mensa; Part of Speech: noun + enclitic -que; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: and the table; Notes: -que links back to previous elements.
  2. extra — Lemma: extra; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: outside; Notes: indicates separation from veil.
  3. velum — Lemma: velum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of extra; Translation: veil; Notes: inner curtain.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: linking instructions.
  5. contra — Lemma: contra; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: opposition; Translation: opposite; Notes: precise positional marking.
  6. mensam — Lemma: mensa; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of contra; Translation: table; Notes: refers to the bread-table.
  7. candelabrum — Lemma: candelabrum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of implied verb (“place”); Translation: lampstand; Notes: the menorah.
  8. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: on; Notes: static location.
  9. latere — Lemma: latus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: side; Notes: structural orientation.
  10. tabernaculi — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: possessive; Translation: of the tabernacle; Notes: identifies structure.
  11. meridiano — Lemma: meridianus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: modifies latere; Translation: southern; Notes: directional adjective.
  12. mensa — Lemma: mensa; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: the table; Notes: new clause subject.
  13. enim — Lemma: enim; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: explanatory; Translation: for; Notes: postpositive emphasis.
  14. stabit — Lemma: sto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: shall stand; Notes: declarative placement.
  15. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: in; Notes: static placement.
  16. parte — Lemma: pars; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: part; Notes: indicates region.
  17. Aquilonis — Lemma: Aquilo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive of specification; Translation: of the North; Notes: directional term.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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