Exodus 33:7

Posted on March 24, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

7 Moyses quoque tollens tabernaculum, tetendit extra castra procul, vocavitque nomen eius, Tabernaculum fœderis. Et omnis populus, qui habebat aliquam quæstionem, egrediebatur ad Tabernaculum fœderis, extra castra.

And Moyses also, taking the tabernacle, pitched it outside the camp, far off, and he called its name the Tabernacle of the covenant. And every person of the people who had any question went out to the Tabernacle of the covenant, outside the camp.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M 3RD DECL
2 quoque also ADV
3 tollens taking PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M 3RD CONJ
4 tabernaculum tabernacle ACC.SG.N 2ND DECL
5 tetendit pitched 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
6 extra outside PREP+ACC
7 castra the camp ACC.PL.N 2ND DECL
8 procul far off ADV
9 vocavitque and he called 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND 1ST CONJ
10 nomen name ACC.SG.N 3RD DECL
11 eius its GEN.SG POSS.PRON
12 Tabernaculum Tabernacle ACC.SG.N 2ND DECL
13 fœderis of the covenant GEN.SG.N 3RD DECL
14 Et and CONJ
15 omnis every NOM.SG.M/F ADJ POS
16 populus people NOM.SG.M 2ND DECL
17 qui who NOM.SG.M REL.PRON
18 habebat was having 3SG.IMP.ACT.IND 2ND CONJ
19 aliquam some ACC.SG.F INDEF.PRON
20 quæstionem question ACC.SG.F 3RD DECL
21 egrediebatur was going out 3SG.IMP.DEP.IND 3RD CONJ
22 ad to PREP+ACC
23 Tabernaculum Tabernacle ACC.SG.N 2ND DECL
24 fœderis of the covenant GEN.SG.N 3RD DECL
25 extra outside PREP+ACC
26 castra the camp ACC.PL.N 2ND DECL

Syntax

Initial Participial Phrase: Moyses quoque tollens tabernaculum — circumstantial, preparing the action.
Main Clause: tetendit extra castra procul — Moses pitches the tent far outside the camp.
Naming Clause: vocavitque nomen eius Tabernaculum fœderis — Moses assigns the formal name.
Relative Clause: qui habebat aliquam quæstionem — describes individuals with inquiries.
Main Result Clause: egrediebatur ad Tabernaculum fœderis extra castra — describes repeated customary action.

Morphology

  1. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: Moses; Notes: standard Vulgate form.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: adds emphasis; Translation: also; Notes: links Moses’ action to previous context.
  3. tollens — Lemma: tollo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active participle nominative singular masculine; Function: attendant circumstance; Translation: taking; Notes: expresses simultaneous action.
  4. tabernaculum — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object of tollens; Translation: tabernacle; Notes: portable tent structure.
  5. tetendit — Lemma: tendo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: pitched; Notes: perfect denotes completed action.
  6. extra — Lemma: extra; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: outside; Notes: expresses separation from camp.
  7. castra — Lemma: castra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of extra; Translation: the camp; Notes: plural in form, singular in meaning.
  8. procul — Lemma: procul; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: strengthens spatial distance; Translation: far off; Notes: emphasizes separation.
  9. vocavitque — Lemma: voco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative with enclitic -que; Function: names the tent; Translation: and he called; Notes: formal designation.
  10. nomen — Lemma: nomen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of vocavit; Translation: name; Notes: naming formula.
  11. eius — Lemma: is/ea/id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: possessive modifier; Translation: its; Notes: refers to tabernaculum.
  12. Tabernaculum — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: predicate accusative; Translation: Tabernacle; Notes: part of the formal name.
  13. fœderis — Lemma: fœdus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies Tabernaculum; Translation: of the covenant; Notes: covenantal significance.
  14. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects clauses; Translation: and; Notes: narrative continuation.
  15. omnis — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine/feminine; Function: modifies populus; Translation: every; Notes: distributive sense.
  16. populus — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of egrediebatur; Translation: people; Notes: collective singular.
  17. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: refers to individuals within the people.
  18. habebat — Lemma: habeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular imperfect active indicative; Function: describes repeated condition; Translation: was having; Notes: habitual imperfect.
  19. aliquam — Lemma: aliquis/aliquam; Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies quæstionem; Translation: some; Notes: non-specific inquiry.
  20. quæstionem — Lemma: quæstio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of habebat; Translation: question; Notes: legal or ritual matter.
  21. egrediebatur — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular imperfect deponent indicative; Function: main verb of relative clause; Translation: was going out; Notes: iterative/habitual action.
  22. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: direction towards place; Translation: to; Notes: destination marker.
  23. Tabernaculum — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of ad; Translation: Tabernacle; Notes: same noun as earlier.
  24. fœderis — Lemma: fœdus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: specifies which tabernacle; Translation: of the covenant; Notes: repeated for emphasis.
  25. extra — Lemma: extra; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: indicates location; Translation: outside; Notes: spatial repetition.
  26. castra — Lemma: castra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of extra; Translation: the camp; Notes: military term used for Israel’s encampment.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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