Exodus 35:22

Posted on March 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 35:22 viri cum mulieribus præbuerunt, armillas et inaures, annulos et dextralia: omne vas aureum in donaria Domini separatum est.

the men together with the women brought forth bracelets and earrings, rings and bracelets for the wrists; every vessel of gold was set apart among the offerings of the LORD.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 viri men NOM.PL.M 2ND DECL
2 cum with PREP+ABL
3 mulieribus women ABL.PL.F 3RD DECL
4 præbuerunt they brought forth / offered 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
5 armillas bracelets ACC.PL.F 1ST DECL
6 et and CONJ
7 inaures earrings ACC.PL.F 3RD DECL
8 annulos rings ACC.PL.M 2ND DECL
9 et and CONJ
10 dextralia bracelets for the wrists ACC.PL.N 2ND DECL
11 omne every NOM/ACC.SG.N ADJ
12 vas vessel NOM/ACC.SG.N 3RD DECL
13 aureum golden NOM/ACC.SG.N ADJ
14 in in / among PREP+ABL
15 donaria offerings ABL.PL.N 2ND DECL
16 Domini of the LORD GEN.SG.M 2ND DECL
17 separatum set apart NOM/ACC.SG.N PTCP.PERF.PASS
18 est was 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND

Syntax

Compound Subject:
viri cum mulieribus — “the men with the women,” ablative with cum forming a joint group functioning as subject of præbuerunt.

Main Verb:
præbuerunt — main action, “they brought forth / offered.”

Series of Direct Objects:
armillas … inaures … annulos … dextralia — four categories of jewelry offered.

Second Clause:
omne vas aureum … separatum est — “every golden vessel was set apart.”

Prepositional Phrase:
in donaria Domini — “among the offerings of the LORD,” indicating classification or inclusion.

Morphology

  1. viri — Lemma: vir; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: part of compound subject; Translation: men; Notes: leaders of households offering valuables.
  2. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: joins mulieribus to viri; Translation: with; Notes: expresses accompaniment.
  3. mulieribus — Lemma: mulier; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: complement of cum; Translation: women; Notes: emphasizes communal participation.
  4. præbuerunt — Lemma: præbeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they brought forth; Notes: expresses completed donation.
  5. armillas — Lemma: armilla; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: bracelets; Notes: valuable personal ornaments.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins objects; Translation: and; Notes: simple connector.
  7. inaures — Lemma: inauris; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object coordinated with armillas; Translation: earrings; Notes: often made of gold.
  8. annulos — Lemma: anulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object; Translation: rings; Notes: items frequently offered in Exodus donation scenes.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects additional object; Translation: and; Notes: builds list.
  10. dextralia — Lemma: dextrale; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: bracelets for the wrists; Notes: rare term for arm-ornaments.
  11. omne — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative/accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies vas; Translation: every; Notes: expresses totality.
  12. vas — Lemma: vas; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative/accusative singular neuter; Function: subject of passive verb; Translation: vessel; Notes: refers to golden household items.
  13. aureum — Lemma: aureus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative/accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies vas; Translation: golden; Notes: denotes material.
  14. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses location within a category; Translation: in / among; Notes: marks classification.
  15. donaria — Lemma: donarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: complement of in; Translation: offerings; Notes: refers to donated sacred objects.
  16. Domini — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies donaria; Translation: of the LORD; Notes: marks divine ownership.
  17. separatum — Lemma: separo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative/accusative singular neuter perfect passive participle; Function: predicate with est; Translation: set apart; Notes: describes consecration.
  18. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present active indicative; Function: completes passive construction; Translation: was; Notes: states result of separation.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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