Exodus 35:26

Posted on March 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 35:26 et pilos caprarum, sponte propria cuncta tribuentes.

and the hair of goats, freely giving all things of their own accord.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 pilos hair NOUN.ACC.PL.M.2ND DECL
3 caprarum of goats NOUN.GEN.PL.F.1ST DECL
4 sponte by free will NOUN.ABL.SG.F.3RD DECL
5 propria their own ADJ.ABL.SG.F.POS
6 cuncta all things ADJ.ACC.PL.N.POS
7 tribuentes giving PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.PL.M/F

Syntax

Main Structure: Continuation of the previous sentence listing additional offerings.
pilos caprarum (object) completes the list of items being given.

Participial Phrase: sponte propria cuncta tribuentes — circumstantial participial construction describing the donors as those “freely giving all things of their own accord.”

Connective: et links this material to the previous list of offerings.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links this item to the preceding list; Translation: and; Notes: simple connective.
  2. pilos — Lemma: pilus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine (2nd declension); Function: direct object; Translation: hairs; Notes: refers to goat hair used in tabernacle textiles.
  3. caprarum — Lemma: capra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural feminine (1st declension); Function: genitive of origin; Translation: of goats; Notes: specifies the source of the hair.
  4. sponte — Lemma: sponte; Part of Speech: noun (used adverbially); Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of manner; Translation: by free will; Notes: idiomatic in classical and later Latin.
  5. propria — Lemma: proprius; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies sponte; Translation: their own; Notes: strengthens the voluntariness of the act.
  6. cuncta — Lemma: cunctus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object of participle tribuentes; Translation: all things; Notes: totalizing term.
  7. tribuentes — Lemma: tribuo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active participle nominative plural masculine/feminine; Function: circumstantial participle modifying implied subject; Translation: giving; Notes: describes ongoing voluntary action by the donors.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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