Leviticus 13:51

Posted on April 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 13:51 et die septimo rursus aspiciens si deprehenderit crevisse, lepra perseverans est: pollutum iudicabit vestimentum, et omne in quo fuerit inventa:

and on the seventh day looking again if he has found it to have grown, it is a persistent leprosy; he shall judge the garment to be defiled, and everything in which it has been found;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 die day ABL.SG.M
3 septimo seventh ABL.SG.M ADJ.POS
4 rursus again ADV
5 aspiciens looking NOM.SG.M PTCP.PRES.ACT
6 si if CONJ
7 deprehenderit has found 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
8 crevisse to have grown PERF.ACT.INF
9 lepra leprosy NOM.SG.F
10 perseverans persistent NOM.SG.F PTCP.PRES.ACT
11 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
12 pollutum defiled ACC.SG.N PTCP.PERF.PASS
13 iudicabit he shall judge 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
14 vestimentum garment ACC.SG.N
15 et and CONJ
16 omne everything ACC.SG.N ADJ.POS
17 in in PREP+ABL
18 quo which ABL.SG.N REL.PRON
19 fuerit has been 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
20 inventa found NOM.SG.F PTCP.PERF.PASS

Syntax

Temporal Setting: et die septimo situates the action at the conclusion of the inspection period.
Attendant Circumstance: rursus aspiciens describes the priest’s renewed examination.
Conditional Test: si deprehenderit crevisse expresses discovery of growth using a perfect subjunctive with infinitive.
Diagnostic Verdict: lepra perseverans est identifies the condition as continuing.
Judicial Consequence: pollutum iudicabit vestimentum declares the garment defiled.
Extended Scope: et omne in quo fuerit inventa broadens the ruling to all items where it appears.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links procedural steps; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the inspection sequence.
  2. die — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: ablative of time when; Translation: day; Notes: Specifies the moment of review.
  3. septimo — Lemma: septimus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine positive; Function: modifies die; Translation: seventh; Notes: Standard diagnostic interval.
  4. rursus — Lemma: rursus; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: modifies aspiciens; Translation: again; Notes: Indicates repetition of inspection.
  5. aspiciens — Lemma: aspicio; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular masculine present active; Function: attendant participle; Translation: looking; Notes: Describes the priest’s action.
  6. si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: conditional; Function: introduces a test condition; Translation: if; Notes: Opens the evaluative criterion.
  7. deprehenderit — Lemma: deprehendo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of discovery; Translation: has found; Notes: Subjunctive suits conditional diagnosis.
  8. crevisse — Lemma: cresco; Part of Speech: infinitive; Form: perfect active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to have grown; Notes: Growth indicates progression.
  9. lepra — Lemma: lepra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: leprosy; Notes: Condition under judgment.
  10. perseverans — Lemma: persevero; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular feminine present active; Function: modifies lepra; Translation: persistent; Notes: Indicates continuing state.
  11. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: States the diagnosis.
  12. pollutum — Lemma: polluo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: accusative singular neuter perfect passive; Function: predicate complement; Translation: defiled; Notes: Declares impurity.
  13. iudicabit — Lemma: iudico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: judicial declaration; Translation: he shall judge; Notes: Formal priestly ruling.
  14. vestimentum — Lemma: vestimentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: garment; Notes: Item under inspection.
  15. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: expands the ruling; Translation: and; Notes: Joins additional scope.
  16. omne — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies implied object; Translation: everything; Notes: Inclusive extension.
  17. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: marks location; Translation: in; Notes: Locative sense.
  18. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to items containing the mark.
  19. fuerit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: auxiliary in relative clause; Translation: has been; Notes: Subjunctive suits generalizing reference.
  20. inventa — Lemma: invenio; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular feminine perfect passive; Function: predicate participle; Translation: found; Notes: Indicates presence of the condition.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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