Leviticus 14:10

Posted on April 14, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 14:10 die octavo assumet duos agnos immaculatos, et ovem anniculam absque macula, et tres decimas similæ in sacrificium, quæ conspersa sit oleo, et seorsum olei sextarium.

on the eighth day he shall take two unblemished lambs, and one year old ewe without blemish, and three tenths of fine flour for an offering, which has been mixed with oil, and separately a sextarius of oil.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 die day ABL.SG.M
2 octavo eighth ABL.SG.M ADJ.POS
3 assumet he shall take 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
4 duos two ACC.PL.M NUM
5 agnos lambs ACC.PL.M
6 immaculatos unblemished ACC.PL.M ADJ.POS
7 et and CONJ
8 ovem ewe ACC.SG.F
9 anniculam one year old ACC.SG.F ADJ.POS
10 absque without PREP+ABL
11 macula blemish ABL.SG.F
12 et and CONJ
13 tres three ACC.PL.F NUM
14 decimas tenths ACC.PL.F
15 similæ fine flour GEN.SG.F
16 in for PREP+ACC
17 sacrificium offering ACC.SG.N
18 quæ which NOM.SG.F REL.PRON
19 conspersa mixed NOM.SG.F PTCP.PERF.PASS
20 sit may be 3SG.PRES.SUBJ.ACT
21 oleo with oil ABL.SG.N
22 et and CONJ
23 seorsum separately ADV
24 olei of oil GEN.SG.N
25 sextarium sextarius ACC.SG.N

Syntax

Temporal Phrase: die octavo sets the prescribed ritual day.
Main Verb: assumet governs the act of taking offerings.
Compound Objects: duos agnos immaculatos and ovem anniculam absque macula specify animal offerings.
Additional Offering: tres decimas similæ in sacrificium adds the grain component.
Relative Clause: quæ conspersa sit oleo qualifies the grain offering.
Adjunct Measure: seorsum olei sextarium supplies the oil separately.

Morphology

  1. die — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: ablative of time; Translation: day; Notes: Specifies timing.
  2. octavo — Lemma: octavus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine positive; Function: modifies die; Translation: eighth; Notes: Ritual sequence marker.
  3. assumet — Lemma: assumo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main predicate; Translation: he shall take; Notes: Introduces required offerings.
  4. duos — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies agnos; Translation: two; Notes: Quantity of lambs.
  5. agnos — Lemma: agnus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: lambs; Notes: Male animals.
  6. immaculatos — Lemma: immaculatus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine positive; Function: modifies agnos; Translation: unblemished; Notes: Required sacrificial quality.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins offerings.
  8. ovem — Lemma: ovis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: ewe; Notes: Female sheep.
  9. anniculam — Lemma: anniculus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine positive; Function: modifies ovem; Translation: one year old; Notes: Age specification.
  10. absque — Lemma: absque; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: expresses exclusion; Translation: without; Notes: Emphasizes purity.
  11. macula — Lemma: macula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of absque; Translation: blemish; Notes: Any defect.
  12. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds grain offering.
  13. tres — Lemma: tres; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies decimas; Translation: three; Notes: Quantity.
  14. decimas — Lemma: decima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: tenths; Notes: Measure of grain.
  15. similæ — Lemma: simila; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies decimas; Translation: of fine flour; Notes: Grain offering material.
  16. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates intended use.
  17. sacrificium — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: offering; Notes: Ritual context.
  18. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to simila.
  19. conspersa — Lemma: conspergo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular feminine perfect passive; Function: predicate participle; Translation: mixed; Notes: Preparation detail.
  20. sit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present subjunctive active; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: may be; Notes: Subjunctive in relative clause of characteristic.
  21. oleo — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with oil; Notes: Required mixture.
  22. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds final item.
  23. seorsum — Lemma: seorsum; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: manner; Translation: separately; Notes: Distinguishes oil measure.
  24. olei — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies sextarium; Translation: of oil; Notes: Substance measured.
  25. sextarium — Lemma: sextarius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: sextarius; Notes: Standard liquid measure.

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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