Leviticus 14:9

Posted on April 14, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 14:9 et die septimo radet capillos capitis, barbamque et supercilia, ac totius corporis pilos. Et lotis rursum vestibus et corpore,

and on the seventh day he shall shave the hair of the head, and the beard and the eyebrows, and all the hair of the whole body. And washed again garments and body,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 die day ABL.SG.M
3 septimo seventh ABL.SG.M ADJ.POS
4 radet he shall shave 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
5 capillos hairs ACC.PL.M
6 capitis of the head GEN.SG.N
7 barbamque and beard ACC.SG.F NOUN+ENCL
8 et and CONJ
9 supercilia eyebrows ACC.PL.N
10 ac and also CONJ
11 totius of the whole GEN.SG.N ADJ.POS
12 corporis body GEN.SG.N
13 pilos hairs ACC.PL.M
14 Et and CONJ
15 lotis having been washed ABL.PL.N PTCP.PERF.PASS
16 rursum again ADV
17 vestibus garments ABL.PL.N
18 et and CONJ
19 corpore body ABL.SG.N

Syntax

Temporal Phrase: die septimo establishes the prescribed ritual day.
Main Action: radet governs the comprehensive act of shaving.
Enumerated Objects: capillos capitis barbam supercilia pilos list the totality of hair removal.
Genitival Scope: totius corporis emphasizes completeness.
Ablative Absolute: lotis rursum vestibus et corpore introduces a subsequent condition of renewed washing.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the ritual sequence.
  2. die — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: ablative of time; Translation: day; Notes: Specifies when the action occurs.
  3. septimo — Lemma: septimus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine positive; Function: modifies die; Translation: seventh; Notes: Ritual timing marker.
  4. radet — Lemma: rado; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main predicate; Translation: he shall shave; Notes: Completes purification.
  5. capillos — Lemma: capillus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: hairs; Notes: Refers to hair of the head.
  6. capitis — Lemma: caput; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies capillos; Translation: of the head; Notes: Specifies location.
  7. barbamque — Lemma: barba; Part of Speech: noun with enclitic; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: coordinated object; Translation: and beard; Notes: Facial hair included.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the list.
  9. supercilia — Lemma: supercilium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: eyebrows; Notes: Completeness of shaving.
  10. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and also; Notes: Adds final item.
  11. totius — Lemma: totus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies corporis; Translation: of the whole; Notes: Emphatic totality.
  12. corporis — Lemma: corpus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies pilos; Translation: body; Notes: Entire body in view.
  13. pilos — Lemma: pilus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: hairs; Notes: Concludes the list.
  14. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Introduces a new clause.
  15. lotis — Lemma: lavo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: ablative plural neuter perfect passive; Function: ablative absolute; Translation: having been washed; Notes: Sets a condition.
  16. rursum — Lemma: rursum; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: manner; Translation: again; Notes: Indicates repetition.
  17. vestibus — Lemma: vestis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: part of ablative absolute; Translation: garments; Notes: Clothing washed again.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins elements.
  19. corpore — Lemma: corpus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: part of ablative absolute; Translation: body; Notes: Completes the ablative absolute.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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