Leviticus 26:4

Posted on April 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

4 et terra gignet germen suum, et pomis arbores replebuntur.

and the land will produce its growth, and the trees will be filled with fruits.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 terra land NOM.SG.F.1ST.DECL
3 gignet will produce 3SG.FUT.IND.ACT
4 germen growth ACC.SG.N.3RD.DECL
5 suum its own ACC.SG.N.POSS.ADJ
6 et and CONJ
7 pomis with fruits ABL.PL.N.2ND.DECL
8 arbores trees NOM.PL.F.3RD.DECL
9 replebuntur will be filled 3PL.FUT.IND.PASS

Syntax

Clause One: terra gignet germen suum — future indicative expressing assured agricultural productivity.
Clause Two: arbores replebuntur pomis — passive construction emphasizing abundance as the result.
Coordination: et … et — links parallel outcomes of fertility.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Connects promises in sequence.
  2. terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine, first declension; Function: subject; Translation: land; Notes: The cultivated ground of the covenant land.
  3. gignet — Lemma: gigno; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: will produce; Notes: Expresses generative fertility.
  4. germen — Lemma: germen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: growth; Notes: Refers to sprout or yield.
  5. suum — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies germen; Translation: its own; Notes: Indicates proper, fitting produce.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins the second clause.
  7. pomis — Lemma: pomum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter, second declension; Function: ablative of content; Translation: with fruits; Notes: Denotes harvested produce.
  8. arbores — Lemma: arbor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine, third declension; Function: subject; Translation: trees; Notes: Fruit-bearing trees of the land.
  9. replebuntur — Lemma: repleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future indicative passive; Function: main verb; Translation: will be filled; Notes: Passive highlights abundance received.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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