Leviticus 26:5

Posted on April 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 26:5 Apprehendet messium tritura vindemiam, et vindemia occupabit sementem: et comedetis panem vestrum in saturitate, et absque pavore habitabitis in terra vestra.

The threshing of harvest will overtake the vintage, and the vintage will overtake the sowing; and you will eat your bread to fullness, and you will dwell in your land without fear.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Apprehendet will overtake 3SG.FUT.IND.ACT
2 messium of harvests GEN.PL.F.3RD.DECL
3 trituratio threshing NOM.SG.F.3RD.DECL
4 vindemiam vintage ACC.SG.F.1ST.DECL
5 et and CONJ
6 vindemia vintage NOM.SG.F.1ST.DECL
7 occupabit will overtake 3SG.FUT.IND.ACT
8 sementem sowing ACC.SG.F.3RD.DECL
9 et and CONJ
10 comedetis you will eat 2PL.FUT.IND.ACT
11 panem bread ACC.SG.M.3RD.DECL
12 vestrum your ACC.SG.M.POSS.ADJ
13 in in PREP+ABL
14 saturitate fullness ABL.SG.F.3RD.DECL
15 et and CONJ
16 absque without PREP+ABL
17 pavore fear ABL.SG.M.3RD.DECL
18 habitabitis you will dwell 2PL.FUT.IND.ACT
19 in in PREP+ABL
20 terra land ABL.SG.F.1ST.DECL
21 vestra your ABL.SG.F.POSS.ADJ

Syntax

Promise Clause 1: trituratio messium apprehendet vindemiam — future indicative expressing overflowing agricultural continuity.
Promise Clause 2: vindemia occupabit sementem — parallel future indicating compressed seasons of abundance.
Result Clause: comedetis panem vestrum in saturitate — consequence stated with ablative of manner.
Security Clause: habitabitis in terra vestra absque pavore — future indicative assuring settled peace.

Morphology

  1. Apprehendet — Lemma: apprehendo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: will overtake; Notes: Conveys overlap caused by abundance.
  2. messium — Lemma: messis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural feminine, third declension; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of harvests; Notes: Specifies the agricultural cycle.
  3. trituratio — Lemma: trituratio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine, third declension; Function: subject; Translation: threshing; Notes: Post-harvest processing stage.
  4. vindemiam — Lemma: vindemia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine, first declension; Function: direct object; Translation: vintage; Notes: Grape harvest season.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links parallel promises.
  6. vindemia — Lemma: vindemia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine, first declension; Function: subject; Translation: vintage; Notes: Seasonal grape gathering.
  7. occupabit — Lemma: occupo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: will overtake; Notes: Emphasizes compression of seasons.
  8. sementem — Lemma: sementis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: sowing; Notes: Next agricultural phase.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Introduces outcomes.
  10. comedetis — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: you will eat; Notes: Result of abundance.
  11. panem — Lemma: panis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: bread; Notes: Staple sustenance.
  12. vestrum — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies panem; Translation: your; Notes: Community provision.
  13. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: manner; Translation: in; Notes: Introduces the mode.
  14. saturitate — Lemma: saturitas; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine, third declension; Function: ablative of manner; Translation: fullness; Notes: Complete sufficiency.
  15. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds security promise.
  16. absque — Lemma: absque; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: privation; Translation: without; Notes: Expresses absence.
  17. pavore — Lemma: pavor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine, third declension; Function: object of absque; Translation: fear; Notes: Social and existential security.
  18. habitabitis — Lemma: habito; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: you will dwell; Notes: Settled, ongoing residence.
  19. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: location; Translation: in; Notes: Spatial setting.
  20. terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine, first declension; Function: object of in; Translation: land; Notes: Covenant territory.
  21. vestra — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies terra; Translation: your; Notes: Communal inheritance.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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