Leviticus 26:10

Posted on April 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 26:10 Comedetis vetustissima veterum, et vetera novis supervenientibus proiicietis.

You will eat the very oldest of the old, and you will cast out the old as the new comes in.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Comedetis you will eat 2PL.FUT.IND.ACT
2 vetustissima the very oldest ACC.PL.N.ADJ.SUPER
3 veterum of the old GEN.PL.N.ADJ
4 et and CONJ
5 vetera the old things ACC.PL.N.ADJ
6 novis by the new ABL.PL.N.ADJ
7 supervenientibus coming in ABL.PL.N.PTCP.PRES.ACT
8 proiicietis you will throw out 2PL.FUT.IND.ACT

Syntax

Provision Clause: Comedetis vetustissima veterum — future indicative promising sustained provision from long-stored produce.
Contrastive Coordination: et — links abundance with renewal.
Replacement Clause: vetera novis supervenientibus proiicietis — ablative absolute expressing replacement as new supply arrives.

Morphology

  1. Comedetis — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: you will eat; Notes: Indicates assured consumption over time.
  2. vetustissima — Lemma: vetustus; Part of Speech: adjective (substantive); Form: accusative plural neuter superlative; Function: direct object; Translation: the very oldest; Notes: SUPER form stresses extreme age and sufficiency.
  3. veterum — Lemma: vetus; Part of Speech: adjective (substantive); Form: genitive plural neuter; Function: partitive genitive; Translation: of the old; Notes: Specifies stock long stored.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Connects parallel promises.
  5. vetera — Lemma: vetus; Part of Speech: adjective (substantive); Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: the old things; Notes: Remaining stored produce.
  6. novis — Lemma: novus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: modifies supervenientibus; Translation: by the new; Notes: Refers to fresh supply.
  7. supervenientibus — Lemma: supervenio; Part of Speech: participle; Form: ablative plural neuter present active participle; Function: ablative absolute; Translation: coming in; Notes: Indicates arrival of new produce.
  8. proiicietis — Lemma: proicio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: you will throw out; Notes: Disposal due to abundance, not scarcity.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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