Leviticus 9:24

Posted on April 9, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 9:24 et ecce egressus ignis a Domino, devoravit holocaustum, et adipes qui erant super altare. Quod cum vidissent turbæ, laudaverunt Dominum, ruentes in facies suas.

and behold a fire went out from the LORD, devoured the holocaust, and the fats which were upon the altar, which when the crowds saw, they praised the LORD, falling upon their faces.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 ecce behold INTJ
3 egressus having gone out PTCP.PERF.DEP.NOM.SG.M
4 ignis fire NOM.SG.M
5 a from PREP+ABL
6 Domino the LORD ABL.SG.M
7 devoravit consumed 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
8 holocaustum burnt offering ACC.SG.N
9 et and CONJ
10 adipes the fats ACC.PL.M
11 qui which REL.NOM.PL.M
12 erant were 3PL.IMPF.ACT.IND
13 super upon PREP+ACC
14 altare altar ACC.SG.N
15 Quod which REL.ACC.SG.N
16 cum when CONJ
17 vidissent they had seen 3PL.PLUP.ACT.SUBJ
18 turbæ the crowds NOM.PL.F
19 laudaverunt they praised 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
20 Dominum the LORD ACC.SG.M
21 ruentes falling PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.PL.M
22 in onto PREP+ACC
23 facies faces ACC.PL.F
24 suas their ACC.PL.F.POSS

Syntax

Discourse Marker: et ecce — introduces a sudden divine act
Main Clause: ignis a Domino devoravit — subject and source emphasized
Direct Objects: holocaustum and adipes — items consumed
Relative Clause: qui erant super altare — specifies location
Temporal Clause: cum vidissent turbæ — reaction following perception
Resulting Actions: laudaverunt Dominum and ruentes in facies suas — praise and prostration

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links with the preceding narrative.
  2. ecce — Lemma: ecce; Part of Speech: interjection; Form: invariable; Function: attention marker; Translation: behold; Notes: Signals a dramatic event.
  3. egressus — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: deponent verb participle; Form: perfect nominative masculine singular; Function: participial modifier; Translation: having gone out; Notes: Deponent with active meaning.
  4. ignis — Lemma: ignis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular third declension; Function: subject; Translation: fire; Notes: Instrument of divine action.
  5. a — Lemma: a; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: source; Translation: from; Notes: Indicates origin.
  6. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular second declension; Function: object of a; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  7. devoravit — Lemma: devoro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: consumed; Notes: Total destruction by fire.
  8. holocaustum — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular second declension; Function: direct object; Translation:  holocaust; Notes: Offering wholly given to God.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds a second object.
  10. adipes — Lemma: adeps; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine plural third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: the fats; Notes: Choice portions on the altar.
  11. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: Refers back to adipes.
  12. erant — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural imperfect active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: were; Notes: Describes ongoing state.
  13. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: location; Translation: upon; Notes: Indicates position on top.
  14. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular third declension; Function: object of super; Translation: altar; Notes: The sacrificial structure.
  15. Quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: object anticipating the clause; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to the entire preceding event.
  16. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: temporal; Translation: when; Notes: Introduces a temporal clause.
  17. vidissent — Lemma: video; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural pluperfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of cum-clause; Translation: they had seen; Notes: Required subjunctive with temporal cum.
  18. turbæ — Lemma: turba; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative feminine plural first declension; Function: subject; Translation: the crowds; Notes: The gathered assembly.
  19. laudaverunt — Lemma: laudo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they praised; Notes: Vocal response of worship.
  20. Dominum — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: the LORD; Notes: YHWH as the object of praise.
  21. ruentes — Lemma: ruo; Part of Speech: verb participle; Form: present active participle nominative masculine plural; Function: attendant circumstance; Translation: falling; Notes: Expresses reverent prostration.
  22. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: direction; Translation: onto; Notes: Indicates movement toward a position.
  23. facies — Lemma: facies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine plural fifth declension; Function: object of in; Translation: faces; Notes: Gesture of submission.
  24. suas — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative feminine plural; Function: modifies facies; Translation: their; Notes: Refers to the crowds.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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